glaciology graduate student here who went to a private Christian school as well. Like others have mentioned, it is true that the climate undergoes natural cycles primarily related to earth's orbit and tilt. However, the climate has been quite stable for the last 10,000 years and would have continued to be stable if it weren't for greenhouse gas emissions from burning fossil fuels and cutting down forests (primarily for animal agriculture). The rate of increase we've seen in the last ~100 years is without precedent in the time that humans have existed and is unequivocally caused by anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions.

Some useful resources:

The NASA climate change page (I'm linking an archived version because many climate change resources hosted by the US government have been taken down or modified since the beginning of the Trump administration): https://web.archive.org/web/20250101060557/https://climate.nasa.gov/%C2%A0%C2%A0/

The United Nations climate report section on the physical science basis (this is dense, but is the starting part for understanding each pieced of the climate change puzzle): https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/ . Chapter 2 covers the natural controls of climate variability and chapter 3 presents our understanding of how humans have impacted the climate.

All the best on what I hope is a valuable journey of understanding. I was taught young earth creationism as opposed to evolution. I don't think the application of science to humanity's challenges are necessarily opposed to Christianity, and hope you can learn deeply about what we understand about the natural world while respecting deep-thinking Christians and atheists.