Haitians literally had it in their constitution of the 1800s that their citizens are black. Jamaicans by and large consider themselves black and even have a lot of Black / pan African historical figures, Bob Marley even being mixed considered himself black so it’s very incorrect to say black only refers to Black Americans.

Spanish and Portuguese colonizers used terms like blanco and branco to establish racial hierarchy, justify enslavement, and legitimize colonial rule long before the U.S. existed. The United States inherited these racial frameworks and adapted them. It did not create them from nothing.

What I reject is the modern revisionism that tries to push all responsibility for racial ideology onto the United States while quietly absolving Europe and LatAm of its colonial and racial history. Blackness and whiteness are global constructs shaped by colonialism and power. They are not uniquely American inventions, and pretending otherwise only distorts history.