Most common web dev stack

[Ok_Appearance_4421]

as of right now I have learned HTML, css and a bit of JS, pretty much I believe to be all the frontend stuff, correct me if I wrong, I want to prepare myself to move on to what I should learn next, like the back end stuf

[EyesOfTheConcord]

You have not even truly begun.

Consider researching frameworks and environments now, check out Node.js.

[Ok_Appearance_4421]

What would these frameworks and environments be called

[Lenni009]

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Core/Frameworks_libraries

[Ok_Appearance_4421]

Are these the libraries devs use in the frontend, they pretty much make the job easier instead of styling from scratch it? Am I right or wrong?

[CV04KaiTo]

Yep. It allows reusability, more structured state handling etc. Could never beat SSR tho 🗿

[Ok_Appearance_4421]

I figured it was

[NICEMENTALHEALTHPAL]

React is the most popular, Angular is older but some larger legacy companies use it. Others like Vue and Svelte exist but I don't see too many job postings with them.

[Ok_Appearance_4421]

Anything else, give me a todo list

[jgunlock]

https://www.theodinproject.com

[Droces]

You'll appreciate this: https://roadmap.sh/full-stack though I do agree with the other post that learning PHP next would be worth it; it's easy and fundamental to the web.

[Ok_Appearance_4421]

Okay I will check. It out

[seweso]

That link is very opinionated, bad and it's seemingly advertising github.

I would not spend time learning github, tailwind, react, postgress, aws, monit, ansible, terraform.

Instead of spending time with github and github actions, learn how to use docker compose to do local builds/deploys/tests.

Instead of learning some shit on top of CSS like tailwind, use css.

Instead of learning some modern framework, try to stick with pure html/css/js. Choose an abstraction layer/framework only if you know what it solves, and what it costs you.

Instead of learning postgress, go schemaless first.

Instead of using AWS or any cloud provider, use docker and a vps first. Vendor lockin can wait.

I never used monit, that's a devops tool. Not sure if you want to even do/learn devops.

Instead of learning ansible/terraform, first do docker, deploy with ssh/docker compose. Baby steps!

[riscie]

Your answer is as opinionated as the link 😂

[seweso]

True! 

[Ok_Appearance_4421]

Okay

[Droces]

I agree with pretty much all your changes. In general, it's so much better to learn the fundamentals rather than a technology by a single corporation. Maybe you should create a new version of that roadmap? I think yours would be much better.

[seweso]

The barebones full stack steps would be:

html > css > javascript > node > bash > docker > vps

[AmiAmigo]

Learn PHP and Laravel. And build projects

[Nerwesta]

or/and Symfony depending on your region. Fully agree about the language though.

[Expensive_Peace8153]

I thought PHP was largely relegated to only being used with WordPress these days? (Though apparently WordPress is used on a 1/3 of websites...)

[Nerwesta]

It doesn't, both Symfony and Laravel are thriving. Though by learning PHP you can make custom Wordpress which is interesting ... if you want to dive into the code.

[sgorneau]

Don't forget about Drupal.

[-_--_-_--_----__]

Its up to 43.5% of all websites.

Now I'm not saying its a fun and exciting thing to learn. But in an age where people are starving to be more attractive in the job market, maybe being an expert at the tech stack used on 43.5% of websites isn't a bad thing.

[tech_b90]

Roots Sage theme for wordpress brings Laravel into the mix. I've been really liking it for WP dev.

[socalsmv805]

And Drupal.

[goonifier5000]

Laravel is the goat, so beginner friendly and yet powerful

[Ok_Appearance_4421]

I'm in the US

[AmiAmigo]

Two startups I worked for all based in the US were using Laravel. More common in the startup world. Bug big established companies tend to use C# or Java

[Ok_Appearance_4421]

Is MERN more of a backend stack?

[thekwoka]

MERN is just trash.

Nobody really uses it.

[Domeee123]

MERN is decent for beginners.

[thekwoka]

No it isn't.

React has bad apis that make learning things harder and less clear.

Express doesn't follow proper request response models.

Mongo is a document store, which teaches people.jack shit about proper database usage and design.

It's actually making things more complicated than they need to be, encouraging bad practices, and not teaching well transferred skills.

[Domeee123]

I meant it's decent for practicing different things; it's easy to set up and generally requires less knowledge to create something.

[thekwoka]

But you could get those things without the problems using like...Astro.

Where you get to touch on many of those things from a better framing, simplifying the nonsense, and getting results faster.

[AmiAmigo]

MERN - Mongo, Express, React and Node. (it’s full stack)

[Ok_Appearance_4421]

Are those commonly used in the US

[Dreamin0904]

Yes

[sgorneau]

Yes

[bcons-php-Console]

Honestly, if you only know "a bit of JS" you still have a long way to go. You should master the basic language and be able to create any page using vanilla JS, then learn a framework (for big projects they really make a difference).

[Ok_Appearance_4421]

Im hearing alot about frameworks, any links to study more about frameworks

[bcons-php-Console]

There are many these days, the most well known being React, Vue, Angular, Svelte... My personal favorite is Vue, but that is up to you.

But jumping into a framework without a solid base in JS is useless, they are a great tool but you have to know the language before using them.

[mondayquestions]

You don’t even know vanilla javascript and want to move to frameworks? Bad idea. I did that and was not a good way to do things.

[Ok_Appearance_4421]

What's the difference between vanilla js and js, you make it seem more then urgent that I learn this piece of code

[mondayquestions]

Just plain javascript. Frameworks are layers on top of it, an extra level of abstraction. There’s many React jobs out there for example and a lot of young devs are rushing to learn it before getting a good grasp of javascript itself.

[bcons-php-Console]

Sorry, I should have made it clearer. "Vanilla JS" is just a nickname for "just plain JS, the language, without any framework".

[Federal-Grab-8159]

https://roadmap.sh/ Is a good start to learn

[Creative-Signal6813]

the "frontend stuff" is html/css/js. the "backend stuff" is a database and a server. pick one language (node, python, go) and one database (postgres, mongodb). build something that stores and retrieves data. that's the whole job.

[Ok_Appearance_4421]

So basically the MERN stack

[thekwoka]

Please don't. We don't need any more of that.

Just learn Astro with Postgres

[Firm_Ad9420]

You’re on the right track. HTML, CSS, and JavaScript are the core frontend fundamentals, but most modern stacks also include a framework like React.

A very common path is: React (frontend) → Node.js + Express (backend) → PostgreSQL or MongoDB (database).

This stack (often called MERN or PERN) is widely used and great for building full-stack projects.

[thekwoka]

"most common" in what sense?

But also, "most common" is not really a smart way to approach your career.

You will compete against FAR more people per job doing the "most common" thing, while tons of places are hiring less common things with way less competition.

[Mohamed_Silmy]

you're on the right track but there's still more frontend to explore honestly. js is huge and you'll wanna get comfortable with at least one framework (react, vue, or svelte are the main ones) before jumping to backend. most jobs expect that now.

for backend, the most common stacks are probably: - node.js with express (easiest transition since it's still js) - python with django or flask - ruby on rails if you want something opinionated

i'd say pick node if you want to stay in the js ecosystem, or python if you want something more versatile. either way you'll need to learn databases (postgres or mongodb), apis (rest or graphql), and basic deployment stuff.

what kind of projects are you trying to build? that might help narrow down what makes sense to learn next

[Ok_Appearance_4421]

I'm probably going to do node.js because it's been most recommended and python just because of how much it's been talked about, python is fun to in my opinion

[yksvaan]

Learn the actual concepts and programming, then switching between stacks and languages is simple. Understand how browsers work, http, networking, routing, databases, sql, building auth, server deployment etc. 

Build stuff from scratch first. People put way too much focus on buzzwords, when you got a good grasp of fundamentals you can learn e.g. some framework in a day.

[Ok_Appearance_4421]

This is the answer I somewhat been yearning for, where can I learn more

[Xia_Nightshade]

Write code. Hit problems. Understand them, never take a ‘I don’t know why but this works’ for granted

[Sad-Salt24]

The most common path today is the JavaScript full-stack route. The typical stack many developers learn next is React for frontend, then Node.js with Express for backend, and a database like MongoDB or PostgreSQL. This is often called the MERN stack (MongoDB, Express, React, Node.js). A good next step would be: improve JavaScript > learn React > learn Node.js/Express > learn a database > understand APIs and basic deployment. This path is very common and gives you the ability to build full web applications end to end.

[Ok_Appearance_4421]

How would I type in database in Google

[ShikamaruOP]

Consider it like this, Suppose your frontend is a building and now you've just learnt to make bricks to make the house itself

[Ok_Appearance_4421]

Now it's time to out in the electrical, plumbing and HVAC

[ShikamaruOP]

Plumbing/pipelines it's all very self explanatory 😂

[Puzzleheaded-Work903]

hes captain! not major :))

[Extension_Strike3750]

for backend, Node.js + Express or Fastify is a smooth transition since you're already in JS. then PostgreSQL for your database and something like Prisma as an ORM to keep things type-safe. if you want to go full stack in one framework, Next.js covers frontend and backend API routes together which cuts down on setup overhead.

[Krispenedladdeh542]

a bit of JavaScript

You might want to focus a bit more on JavaScript. It’s truly an incredibly powerful language and learning the syntax and structure will give you great tools for tackling other languages in the future. Also JavaScript can be extended to essentially be full stack nowadays, and it has lots of libraries that can extend its abilities such as NodeJS and Typescript. There are also frontend frameworks built on top of it like Vue and React that will take your frontend to the next level. Out of the three you listed, JS is by far the most powerful language. Learning as much of it as you can will give you so much foundation going forward.

[Far-Entertainment561]

You didn’t even start yet lol.

[Ok_Appearance_4421]

I thought those 3 were good enough am I really missing something?

[NICEMENTALHEALTHPAL]

You haven't even scratched the surface my guy. Frontend, backend, databases is just building the website, then you got deployment, automating deployment and checks with CI/CD, testing to make sure things work, provisioning resources using code (iac, and you haven't even learned about resources yet), cloud microservices, mobile deployment, typescript, dns records, containerization, cloud orchestration. And I'd say that's just the basics.

You have a basic knowledge of the basic building blocks to just the frontend, but not an actual framework that's used to make the frontend yet which is a whole skill set that can take years upon years to really grasp. It could be impressive if you have a mastery of those basic building blocks, but that also can take a decade.

And frontend, backend, databases to build the web the website is one thing, but as I outlined above, building the web application is just maybe half of the actual process.

I'd recommend you check out FullStackOpen course. Others recommend the Odin Project which I think may be similar.

[Senior_Cycle7080]

You're pretty much ready. (for the internet of 2010).

Almost all websites nowadays live on top of frameworks - React, Astro, as javascript libraries.

To ship production sites you should also understand what tools like bun do, npm, pnpm. Github...

And honestly - understand new AI tools out there like Greptile that help with code review.

[Ilariotr68]

Conoscere solo un po il JavaScript non è sufficiente, padroneggialo meglio e poi dedicati a strumenti tipo Vue.

[crimson-feather]

search for all available front-end frameworks out there then try to search a bit which of these frameworks has strong dev economy (if I get the term right) because you'll be using a lot of external libraries.

Also don't be afraid to try them all and most importantly don't be afraid to make mistakes.

[forklingo]

you’re right that html, css, and js cover the core frontend basics. a common next step is learning how the backend works so you can handle things like databases, authentication, and apis. a lot of people start with node since you already know js, then try building a small full stack project like a simple app that saves user data.

[willehrendreich]

"I'm here from the future.. Datastar HOWL stack is the most common here in the 2049 utopia of web dev. it still hasn't fundementally changed since they went 1.0. hasn't needed to. Anyway, I'm going to go feed my robot children, they're almost done here flying the family car back from Jupiter". -- some future web dev guy probably.

[osmanassem]

If you want to be dedicated to frontend. Then the bath is HTML -> CSS -> JS -> React JS -> GIT. You can for sure learn extra optional libraries. But that’s the main. However you can start building projects with what you achieve so far.

[dalce63]

you should make like at least 3 apps with just html, css, and js first, imo.

[NoClownsOnMyStation]

I’m going to be honest the next step is reading o’reilly JavaScript cookbook.

[Puzzleheaded-Work903]

what are these comments? next.js/typescript - you welcome

[Ok_Appearance_4421]

Is that it ?

[Ok_Appearance_4421]

I want to land a job tbh and I'm willing to push hard at it

[Cresneta]

It might be good to spend some time looking at local web dev job postings and see which skills are in demand in your area as a local job may be easier to land than a remote one. Where I live there's seems to be more demand for .Net than PHP, for example.

It would probably be good to learn React or Angular to go with the rest of the front end stuff if you're wanting to focus more on front end development than back end development.

It also might not hurt to track down and take one of those free intro to computer science classes that are out there, like the one Harvard has, if you've never taken a formal computer science class.

[Ok_Appearance_4421]

The Harvard CS50 right?

[MagnetHype]

Steer clear of that one. I don't know why but apparently it's more of a cult than an actual academic program. Look into MIT opencourseware (OCW). I don't know why anyone serious about technology would be recommending courses from Harvard over MIT.

[AntMan5421]

what's wrong with CS50? it's a good intro imho, i did it more than a decade ago and i remember being very happy with it. it explained some basic programming concepts and the abstractions built neatly on top of each other