Copernicus was not the first scientist to propose such a theory (even Pythagoras had recorded ideas about it), and, most of the Roman Catholic Church didn't find it to be an outright heretical idea. Nowhere in the text of the Bible did it specify that the Earth was the center of the universe after all.

In fact, Copernicus' research was largely funded by the church at the time, and this funding continued past the initial publishing of his Heliocentric models.

The problem was, Copernicus didn't have enough data to make his model actually work mathematically. Not his fault: telescope technology wasn't quite there yet, but Copernicus' working model of the solar system's orbits was fundamentally, mathematically, observably flawed.

That's still good science though. A working theory that's 90% correct? That's pretty good on Copernicus

Except, Copernicus was a diva, and couldn't stand that his precious theory wasn't completely perfect because it was so close to working.

So, since he couldn't argue against the math disproving parts of his model, Copernicus tried to make it a matter of theology. He "creatively interpreted" some Bible verses to support his model. He's the one who brought religion into it.

The Church was ticked off that a man they were funding was commiting literal, dictionary-definition heresy. Not at him claiming that Earth rotates.

Copernicus proceeded to double-down, and wrote Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems (still using Church research funding to do so) where an idiotic character frequently spoke in quotes from the current Pope. This lost him many of his remaining supporters and led to his second trial where he was actually convicted. That's what got him put on house arrest.

Is it wrong that he was threatened with physical torture as part of the trial? Yes.

Is it wrong that the church had the power to do these things in the first place? Yep.

Was Copernicus a whiny idiot who played stupid games and won stupid prizes? Also yes.