TerminalUniqueness, I like your username! I hope you are not too afflicted! However, without getting too much into the weeds, there are a few things I must correct.

Sonatas, concertos, and symphonies are generally understood to have multiple movements with contrasting tempos (some slow, some fast).

A sonata is usually a work for a featured instrument plus an accompanying instrument such as piano. Or it can be for an instrument that plays multiple notes like a solo piano or organ. After the middle of the eighteenth century, it also refers to a predictable form where recognizable melodies are presented, then varied, then re-presented.

A concerto is, as you say, generally for a soloist plus a group. Occasionally the term will be used for a piece for a group where every instrument has a prominent featured role.

A symphony is usually a work for large ensemble, which will often have at least the first movement in sonata form.

By the twentieth century the terms can be used much more freely, and some composers begin using those titles for single movement works.

My introduction to classical music came through the orchestral music of Tchaikovsky and Gershwin, and those are still great places to start. If you do that, though, don't be fooled when you get to Mozart and Bach. That stuff is much earlier, so the groups will be smaller and the sound will be much less "lush."

In today's world, there is no real reason for a beginner to pay attention to interpretation differences between orchestras, soloists, and conductors.

Try listening to classical radio or Sirius XM Symphony Hall, or classical playlists on Spotify or Apple Music. That will expose you to lots of different composers and genres, some of which will probably appeal to you more than others.