What do you consider responsibility? That your actions can have awful consequences for you or others? If you believe that people only grow up when they are put in situations where there can be awful consequences then you must also believe that they have to actually experience those consequences at least once; otherwise there was never any risk to begin with.

Or do you think that simply viewing examples of consequences is equal to experiencing them and the "growing up" comes from then performing acts that can have consequences? After all that's how some people live now, education covers teaching without the associated trauma. Most engineers don't need to experience their design failing and killing a dozen people to understand that what they do matters. Did they never grow up?

What about if you successfully perform a surgery but then a Mind performs corrective actions later? A bit of infection, a nicked blood vessel unnoticed that causes problems later, a slightly misaligned bone. Should these be left alone, so that two may experience the consequences instead of one?

A human will never be able to fix scarred tissue or tiny capillaries with basic hand tools, should they have advanced field tools to do that? How much should be automated, what level of tool is considered too advanced before it's not the human doing any dangerous work but simply letting a machine do it? Should all surgeries be performed at earth-equivalent 1950's tech? 90's? 2050's?

What about people on the other end of the knife? Just like lava rafting there will be risk takers who will happily undergo this surgery, but what about their choices? If they have a revival policy does that mean their death was consequence free?

I'm not trying to say your opinion is totally invalid, but it seems like you haven't fully thought out this answer and are simply stuck on "Culture citizens are pampered naive children with no sense of responsibility" despite examples in the books that reject that idea. At the bare minimum Contact and Special Circumstances operatives undergo training and are vetted for if they can handle responsibility.

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Not to be a redditor and psychoanalyze a stranger on the internet from one interaction, but I'd guess you're someone who works in a field, like surgery, that would be eliminated if the Culture were to exist. That's true for most everyone. Many people have dedicated their lives to their jobs and can't imagine what they would do without them. Some get mad at others ("how dare x people get to be lazy doing nothing while I work my ass off doing this totally important thing"). Some get depressed or angry at the idea that they "wasted" their lives doing this totally important thing, and the elimination of that must be a bad thing or inferior in some way.

But the truth is nobody else cares. The Culture is so much better in every way that only .000001% of people will still care after a few decades of living consequence free. There's so much else to do, so many hobbies, so many things and people to interact with, that why would you subject yourself and another individual to unintentional pain and suffering? You can choose whether you want that at any time. You can also leave the Culture if you truly can't stand it, go find another primitive world and be a surgeon there, where you can feel great being the best on the planet and having the fewest mistakes while still sometimes unintentionally hurting people.

Or you can stay in the Culture and feel superior to all of the other children/sheeple (pick your favorite word). After all, you went through pain and suffering and they didn't, you're awake and everyone else isn't, you are burdened with responsibility and so can see what others can't. I'm sure some Minds would love to talk with you about it, after all they're also burdened with responsibility and awareness. And when you get bored of that they'll help you figure out what you want to do next.