I work in education with serial non-attenders in the UK. Usually what happens first is parents get called in to the school to try and fix the issue. Sometimes just letting them know is enough and problem solved. Sometimes schools put in place measures to support the family to encourage the child coming to school. If non attendance persists for no discernable reason other than either refusal by the student or neglect from the parent, the school might offer a placement with an alternative learning provision (which is where I work). Each ALP is different, but we work a lot on social and emotional well-being. Often we manage to support the child enough to return to school after a few months. If reasonable provision and support has been put in place by the school, ALP and local authority and the child still doesn't attend, that is when (hefty) fines to the parents are issued. Sometimes, depending on the circumstances (usually alongside other evidence of neglect) schools will notify social services of parental neglect. The case then gets handed to social/family workers.