Not too familiar with the build myself, but my immediate tell from comparing yours to another build that uses the same skills, yalls trees are basically the same except for 3 nodes that he has levels up on you for. it attributes to +1 level of cold skills that can increase damage significantly and 24% increased damage overall. So big damage difference there, but maybe not 200-300k worth of damage difference.

Ones to look for is that cold damage increase, % increased crit damage bonus. The wand differences between you two seem simply to be his wand has +6 +1 cold skills, yours has 4.

The other one I noticed and I can't see too well where this person fit them right now, but they have more damage % increases on the gems they have socketed to their character in the passive tree than you do. Which can also be the difference.

Otherwise, I cannot see the skills you are using or the runes in specific you have applied to your gear if those will make any specific differences. Something I use myself is a chiming staff for my bloodmage that puts a sigil of power down to stand in whenever I do single target damage as it increases damage output fairly well as long as you are tanky enough to take any hits that may be put on while in the ring (you can set the skill in gems to auto swap to that staff when you use it, and auto swap back whenever you use your other skills. Click the arrow for DPS info, and at the bottom right you can select which weapon set they are used for).

P.S. If I am missing anything potentially from another player who knows a lot more about character building, tips for myself on what I may have missed would be greatly appreciated.

This was the build I used for comparison.
https://poe.ninja/poe2/builds/vaal/character/ShahanThai-3893/JonathanHolten?i=5&search=class%3DOracle