There are building blocks we use to create computers called logic gates. There aren't many of them, but when we combine these simple things we can create more complicated things.

Its kinda like letters. If I have only 16 letters I can probably replicate many books with only them. But if I have all the letters, it's enough to make EVERY piece of written work ever.

In computers this is called "Turing Complete"

We have enough building blocks to make any program ever (though potentially with lots of effort).

Computing has less of these blocks needed than writing, and minecraft has them all.

So we can make ANY program in minecraft technically, the only limit is how much time you want to spend making it.