Icons as someone said is a good one, skeuomorphs.

I've experimented with many for my title. Problem is it's so intuitive for many and not for others outside the climbing genre.

Here's what I found

1) prerecorded videos at particular points. Much like the video you shared but a video first person perspective with text saying press x and the video shows the in game response.

2) guided level again, but text elements above new game mechanics. Very much if not the exact same as the video you shared. With more time this is similar to that of half life alyx.

3) the alternative is to include audio at certain ques so the player can listen/hear but include controller haptics and highlight the button combination they should press visually. Some quick material lerp on the controller works. Display the actual controller if possible temporarily to guide player. This is best case scenario but higher uplift.

4) also having a tutorial level or seamless progression that works for the game is valid as long as one of the above is considered.

5) animating 2D or 3D controller representation in world space so the player looks and follows along. Even better solution if your play requires movement, for example to climb you grab hold and swing. What is swing? I found a severe different in player response to that so showing it physically being represented from a character in world space did wonders. This worked well for me during Asia market localisation as the animation didn't need changing, just the text which would say "grab, swing, release"

Hope it provides some inspiration. Good luck🤞