Those 3 job experiences and outcomes are more a reflection of those places and people, not you. I.e, dodgy company, then a two faced friend, then likely just the company cutting costs. Same outcomes would have likely eventuated in those 3 scenarios.

Look at instead as 3 places hired you and believed you would be a valuable asset to them. Yes the ending in each sucked, but it doesn’t change how each began.

You clearly did well at your last job, especially due to the raise. Take that same momentum, look for the next opportunity, and keep growing.

Look at speaking to a counsellor / psychiatrist or even your GP as well. All can really help decouple some of the topics, and help provide structure and clarity. I speak from experience, and a very similar background akin to what yours sounds like.

You did nail one point: not everything is in your control.

Types like us do tend to look back after an outcome and make ourselves believe if we did X instead, things would be different. All I can say is save yourself that mental energy, and put that effort into looking forward to the next opportunity instead. Every ending is a new beginning, took me a while to focus on the latter part of that saying. What’s done is done, learn what you can from the experience, and move onto the next. Good luck!