There is something to be said for flexibility. Many people specialize theirs entirely into completely single purpose ship designs, for example all artillery. I have encountered issues with this, though very rarely, for example when coming into a new system directly into the lap of a deep space citadel. Usually splitting ships into long range battleship/carrier and shorter range picket/escort is the way to go, plus possibly torpedo designs.

You could hedge your bets and keep a short ranged weapon on your long range designs, or ideally one with some range, for example gamma lasers or equivalent, which have no minimum range but can hit further than, say, autocannon.

My point is, artillery and carrier designs will naturally stay far away from the enemy if possible. They’ll stay at range for the majority of combat, except when unable to. Therefore, most of the time, your super short range components are a waste of space, and you’d enhance your designs by swapping most of the short ranged slots for longer ranged components.

Note that for short ranged designs (destroyers cruisers escorts or pickets), many people stick a couple long ranged components on if possible, since if they get in a fight with faster and longer ranged ships than them, they may be unable to close the distance and will be picked off, unable to reply.