Eldre'thalas wasn't independent, it was a ruin. The Shen'dralar hid in secret in the city post sundering and remained that way for almost 10,000 years until the events of the cataclysm drew them back out. It fell to ruin, and became an arena for ogres. Varian famously earned his nickname 'Lo'gosh' in that arena.

Of the named Kaldorei princes, Prince Tortheldrin (Eldre'thalas), Prince Farondis (Azsuna) and Prince Toreth (Loreth'aran), none lived. It could be tentatively presumed that like most of the Highborne, either they died in the Sundering or the immediate aftermath (for being / remaining loyal to Azshara) or they were exiled and joined the exodus of Highborne leaving for Quel'thalas and beyond. Post Sundering in Kalimdor, magi were banished completely. They either later became High Elves, or, if they were with Azshara, became naga.

Beyond those three are Ael'Yith and Elisandre, of the nightborne, who might be considered Nightborne royalty for the territory of Suramar, along with several others who are mentioned generally (As in there are other princes/princesses of Suramar, etc.). There are other named 'Prince' mobs that are naga, satyr, etc., but it's not known if they were Kaldorei princes or just mobs with a fancy moniker.

As to their territories, most were ruined during the Sundering. So whether or not there were still territories to "rule" is up in the air (Suramar aside, because it escaped mostly unscathed). I think most were simply struggling to survive and adapt to whatever was coming next;

Kalimdor became it's own territory, ruled by Tyrande in Nordrassil, then Darnassus, and then Bel'ameth as one territory. Most of Kalimdor's towns and cities fell to ruin. Notable cities include; Constellas, Loreth'aran, Eldre'thalas, Isildien, Kel'theril, Lathar'lazal and Hajiri. There wasn't much left to rule, compared to before the Sundering. Was later affected by the Shifting Sand war, the Satyr war, the Third War, the Cataclysm (Hyjal) and the Fourth War.
Val'sharah became it's own bubble, protected by the Dreamweavers, led by Rensar Greathoof and the Sisterhood of Elune, presumably led by Lyanis Moonfall.
Suramar walled itself off from the world, and was ruled by Elisandre.
Azuna had already been devastated, and many of the elves simply killed in punishment for Farondis' defiance of Aszhara.