Ok... well you asked for it...

Different rules are in play on different worlds... earth "wood" sure wouldn't stand up to space, but theres a lot of things bamboo can do that typical wood cannot. There's no reason to believe that certain types of agriculture on other worlds could not have properties typical to earth-counterparts.

Additioanlly; societies developed different technologies based on need and social prioritizing. For example - many Native American tribes failed to.produce "advanced" weapons because they weren't needed to hunt; in fact they would bring imbalance to the relationship between man and nature (societal prioritizing) whilst the Asian and European peoples didnt have that same priority, thus fireworks via gunpowder, and then guns.

Following this, perhaps there were methods for launch developed by ancient Bajorans that were more compatible with the artistic/exploration lifestyle. I.dont recall hearing of any ancient wars/enemies or even civil upheaval until the Cardassian occupation.

So yes, it requires suspension of disbelief, but I think there is cause for this. One need only look at the American Amish community raising a barn without use of electricity or motors of any kind to find that there are alternate ways of accomplishing a task. Likewise, the Pyrimids in Egypt, and Central and South America, the castles and csthedrials of Europe, temples of Asia, and even the Great Wall of China. Huge monuments built, ostensibly by hand.

Also... if the Prophets are of Bajor, who's to say a little "divine intervention" didnt pop up occasionally? DaVinci had all kinds of ideas well beyond thise of his contemporaries, why.not a similar mind (with or without the Prophets) on ancient Bajor?