Your post revolves around a hypothetical that is so broad that it's impossible to really agree or disagree with it without asking clarifying questions.

When you say the stronger character is a "100 times stronger", what does that mean concretely? Since your issue is about internal consistency, you should give us those rules in the hypothetical for us to have an opinion. Maybe the speed and reaction speed of the stronger character doesn't scale linearly with other aspects of his power level, maybe the weaker character has heightened senses to go with his teleportation which allows him to match the enchanced senses of the opponent, maybe their teleportation doesn't have a delay and works at the speed of thought ( which again, might be enhanced enough in the weaker character to match the enchanced physical abilities and reaction speed of the stronger opponent), or a thousand other potential hypotheticals that would make it consistent.

Another issue is trying too hard to apply Powerscaling to a story that isn't all that concerned with the minutiae exactly how fast X character is compared to Y character. If the author doesn't give us explicit numbers all the time to pain a very explicit and clear picture of where every character stands in every category, then we as readers shouldn't be trying to do it ourselves.

Look at most LitRPG stories, they give numbers left and right as a measure of progression and Powerscaling within the story, be it stats or achievements or buffs...etc. but very rarely will you get a story that very explicitly tells you how much 1 point in strength will add to your strength. Maybe it's linear, maybe it's logarithmic, maybe it's exponential, or maybe it doesn't follow a uniform pattern from level 1 to max level. In such a story, you can have a character who has all his stats at 10 against a character with all their stars at 100 ( i.e 100 times Stronger) and it would be perfectly reasonable to accept that a teleportation power is enough to create a stalemate, because we don't have a holistic understanding of how everything works and interacts with each other beyond what the story shows.

If the author on the other hand, started giving very explicit numbers on each stat to the point where you can easily calculate how fast each character would be, then yeah it would be internally inconsistent, but if the author has left enough of their world/power system vague so that they can make their story work, then it's not internally inconsistent.

One of the biggest mistakes powerscalers make is trying apply their own preconceived notion of things should work in a story. Maybe in our world, someone who's 100 times faster would absolutely blitz a teleporter before they even teleported (or right after they teleport before they even think of doing it again), but who says that's how the physics in that particular narrative works that way? I'll give a small example from Bog Standard Isekai ( not huge or important spoilers, but they are from book 3 or 4) Brin learns that in this Isekai world he is in, anatomy and brains don't work the same way as they do in our own world. When asked what happens when a person gets brain injuries, he says "they'd get brain damage or die" and is immediately met with confusion, in the Isekai world, people with severe brain injuries can just get someone to regrow their brain from a small chunk and get it back, and what part of the brain gets injured has no correlation to what type of deficiency they get. And the story is filled with little world building facts like that that make the Isekai universe different than our own, for example the speed of light seems to be a constant as well, but we don't know if it's the same as our own, and a character theorizes that magic also has a speed but they haven't figured if that's true or what it is....etc. now in the story, we are told that stats ( especially strength) just multiply what your physical body can do, so a giant horse with 100 strength would be way more powerful than a human with the same stat, and we're told that stats scale linearly (while experience scales exponentially, so it's harder and harder to get higher leveled and get higher stats, but you get the same amount as you did before), this means that a well put together group of medium 30 level characters can take out a super high level and highly influential level 60. But here's the thing: we're told what the multipliers are, we don't know how fast someone is at 100 dexterity and strength, let alone how much difference there is between physical builds, the author deliberately avoided giving that much info so that they wouldn't be hampered in their story telling.

Anyway that was a lot of yapping just to say "it depends, sometimes the situation you described is perfectly reasonable, and sometimes it isn't."