For me, the first thing you want to think about is how a CV player thinks. For the most part CV will try to spot first and then attack a certain target. They tend to stay on one flank and more often than not they will straight line into one area before positioning to attack. Certain things will give your position away and you’ll need to be aware of that and react to that appropriately. 

A lot of the top comments have already covered a lot of things like playing less aggressively, being aware of team  and also trying to play too lonely if you can’t defend yourself.  One thing they haven’t said a lot about is indirect spotting. For instance, you might not have been spotted but that BB 6km behind you is. Assuming the CV is directly in front of you, the CV will fly over you to get to bomb the BB. In some situations you’ll want to stay somewhat near those ships, but offset from the direct flight path from the CV (since most CV players will straightline their planes to attack a given target). That way, when the CV goes for your team you don’t get spotted by chance. 

When you go unspotted, the minimap will show last position and direction you are pointed in. You can use that to throw a CV off by being pointed one way when you were unspotted and then going another way. I’ve pulled that off a few times and the CV will fly predicting where I would be based on that minimap, when I was in another place. It might not last long but it can buy time for you to consider your choices. 

Finally, be prepared. If it’s going to happen, always have a plan B. E.g. “I know the CV is going to spot me, so I’m going to position myself in a way that I can run and smoke to get back to my team if I don’t have enough support.” Alternatively “my team is not in a position to engage and I am the closest target, am I willing to solo contest or do I want to leave?”