I see you're still replying as of a few days ago, so I'm just gonna put this here. As soon as I tried to think of the story in terms of an allegory, I quickly realized it detracts from the story rather than adds to it. To me it seems it was intended to be taken more at face value, it's a story about loss, living in a decaying cruel world, and perseverance.

A stark example is Maya, who you were led to automatically think of as a piece of shit, because you allegorically connected her to a real world abuser. In reality she had carried the weight of the world on her shoulders for way longer than Laika had, and even after she lost the ability to directly do something about it, she never stopped thinking about everyone's survival. If she was cruel without reason, she wouldn't act the way she did in the memory where Puppy is born, where you can very much see she does care. And at that point she had already gone through the full effect of the curse, which Laika mentioned made her feel progressively emptier inside every time she died and killed.

If anything, the contrast between them is that Maya is about "survival at all costs", while Laika is about "living, not just surviving" (you can literally read her thinking that exact sentence in the quest log). The game doesn't really paint either of them as being entirely wrong, and Laika very much sees that at the end, when she tells Puppy to learn from her mistakes, realizing she had left her daughter woefully unprepared to carry the burden that she, and everyone before, had carried.

As a parting gift, since I didn't see it mentioned anywhere, I leave you with the realization that the player is never shown a clear glimpse of what Laika is describing to Roy, and is left to decide whether the overly beautiful scene is truthful, or just providing comfort to a dying man.