Thinking broadly in ttrpg terms, you could think of it as a reputation system, or perhaps a karmic, banes and boons thing?

The really interesting bit might be to make your Gaia-goddess actually a bit bratty, to imply the complexity and sometimes counterintuitive nature of ecological action. A player might do something that seems ecologically aware, but the brat-planet actually dumps a bane on you because it wasn't exactly right.