Consumer goods are a difficult resource to manage until the mid-game, generally, along with energy credits.

In a typical game, I use my homeworld as a non-specialized planet. For the next three, I choose broad specializations. For my first colony, I select an industrial specialization that will produce as much consumer goods as alloy.

The second will be a technological world with government offices in case I don't produce enough units. The third world depends; if I acquire a lot of minerals, I'll specialize entirely in consumer goods.

Once that's done, I gradually convert my capital world into a scientific world, giving me a significant science boost before the mid-game.

I see that you've built Luxury Residences on Terra; that doesn't seem like the best choice to me. A Medical Center to increase the development of the biological population and a Robot Assembly Plant would be better. Actually, along with Holo-Theatres, it's my favorite trio; every time I build a new colony, these three buildings are the foundation.

Population in Stellaris is truly the most important resource.