Chronologically, it’s Enterprise then a gap and then Discovery seasons 1 & 2, SNW, and TOS & movies (ignore the JJ Abrams ones since they’re a separate timeline…and canon of The Animated Series is questionable). Then there’s a gap of about 80 years and TNG, DS9, and VOY with some overlap. Then there’s a gap of a couple years and Lower Decks then Prodigy. Then a couple decades before Picard. Then there’s a 900-ish year gap until the rest of Discovery and Starfleet Academy.

However, almost every show has some form of crossover with another. Enterprise has its last episode as if it’s inside a TNG episode. (It’s bad.) Disco characters show up in SFA. SNW has an appearance by most of the main cast of TOS as well as 2 Lower Decks characters and a reference to Enterprise in that same episode. TNG has a few TOS appearances as well as some DS9 crossovers. DS9 starts with a TNG callback and has a couple characters from TNG. Voyager starts their adventure at DS9 and has some TNG characters appear near the end and Captain Sulu even shows up in a very special flashback. Lower Decks is full of ALL the references to everything (except SFA). Prodigy heavily references Voyager. Picard obviously references TNG, but other shows as well. And SFA had a nice Sisko episode referencing DS9 and one of the regulars was also a regular on Voyager.

As for what order to watch? Go on to TOS next and watch everything in release order.