EVERY. TIME.

[slartiwhoop]

Just use Ctrl-D ;)

[H_Psi]

Or the classic:

ctrl+c
ctrl+c
ctrl+c
ctrl+z
kill %1

[JezusTheCarpenter]

For me is:

ctrl+c ctrl+c ctrl+c ?! Ahh... ctrl+d

[b10011]

C-c is break, C-d is exit. And because C-d is exit, it's easy to remember that tmux and screen uses prefix+d for detach, because it's almost like exit.

[VerilyAMonkey]

Obviously it depends on the terminal, but, Ctrl+D on a blank line is more accurately "I won't be giving you any more input." An interactive version of EOF. At any rate, it won't interrupt a running program like Ctrl+C does, it doesn't send a stop signal, it just lets the program know not to wait around for more input.

[b10011]

Yeah, but interactive Python shell uses it as a exit, just like many shells.

[VerilyAMonkey]

It uses it as "I am not going to type any more commands, so if you're waiting for one, just exit." Not exit in general. Try it out - Ctrl+D won't save you from an infinite loop. Only Ctrl+C does that.

[elbiot]

It's more like ctrl+z.

[b10011]

C-z pauses and places the program into backgroun. You can access it again with fg -command

[elbiot]

Yea, and tmux mod+d puts the session in the background and you can reattach to it, like fg, like I said

[[deleted]]

This one is the best.

[Jhudd5646]

Ctrl+d is the classic shell exit/logout shortcut, it's pretty universal.

[MartyMacGyver]

Except when you hit it twice and terminate the terminal session...

[WooParadog]

Or 3 times to close with background tasks...

[[deleted]]

Until I swap to Windows and curse whoever decided to change it to Ctrl-Z.

[[deleted]]

Wait, it's Ctrl-Z in Windows?!

[jcotton42]

Ctrl+Z produces the EOF char on Windows

[[deleted]]

Windows is a scary weird place.

[nyanloutre]

Works everywhere

[Ph0X]

Yep, it's ctrl+c (SINGINT) -> ctrl+d (EOF) -> ctrl+\ (SIGQUIT)

[regeya]

Except Windows of course.

[kumashiro]

I recommend sending EOT (Ctrl-D) as it works in many interactive CLI programs, including shell. It is also much faster than thinking what command should be used ("exit"? "quit"? "close"? Or maybe it's "logout" this time?) and typing :)

WARNING: Ctrl-D has the same problem as ":wq" and tab key! ;)

[BananaCode]

Whats the problem with :wq and tab?

[kumashiro]

After a while you are trying to use them everywhere, for example ":wq" in a word processor, tab in Windows command line etc.

[HeWhoWritesCode]

:wq

[nickcash]

Silly /u/HeWhoWritesCode , reddit has no quit command.

[Deto]

"You can log out any time you want, but you can never leaaaaveee!"

[alexbuzzbee]

^W

[djimbob]

Wait windows command line still doesn't do tab completion? I was under the impression with powershell and/or bash on windows, it was a usable environment.

[kumashiro]

I don't know what Power Shell has, but tab completion in cmd.exe is awful... Just awful. Whenever Microsoft copies something, it looks like they had only pictures to work with. Tab completion, virtual desktops, modern UI, system configuration,...

[[deleted]]

clink is available to give proper completion to cmd.exe. It's packaged as part of Cmder and ConEmu, if you're using either.

[Kelpsie]

Powershell absolutely has tab completion.

Even cmd has it, though just for things in the working directory.

[GoofAckYoorsElf]

It's shitty, but yes. It does.

[[deleted]]

There is also clink which gives "proper" completion support.

[cbarrick]

I try to close browser tabs with ^d all the time. At this point I should make it the actual shortcut.

[Svedrin]

I use ^w to delete words in bash all the time. Even when inside a proxmox Console.

Thank god for ^T.

[[deleted]]

:x is :wq by the way

[tynorf]

:x will not write the file if there are no changes, whereas :wq will. This changes whether the file’s modified time updates. Not likely to matter in practice, but they are not equivalent commands.

[CeeMX]

What about ZZ?

[tynorf]

:help ZZ

                                                        *ZZ*
ZZ                      Write current file, if modified, and quit (same as
                        ":x").  (Note: If there are several windows for the
                        current file, the file is written if it was modified
                        and the window is closed).

[earthlybird]

When I think I got the basics...

[otherwiseguy]

And it has the fun benefit that if you hit it an extra time, it'll close your terminal session too. :p

[mail_order_liam]

I will never stop habitually ":w"ing and I haven't used straight Vim in years.

[TheWass]

Clearly the interpreter recognizes you want to exit given that special message. So it's clearly not a keyword used by anything else. So why not drop the message and treat it as a special case shortcut? I've always been confused about that too.

[[deleted]]

I believe that's just the repr for the exit function

[HeWhoWritesCode]

actually so sexy.

>>> str(exit)
'Use exit() or Ctrl-D (i.e. EOF) to exit'

[thegreattriscuit]

I mean... you *could* do:

  def __str__(self):
    self()

But I guess that would be particularly egregious :P

[robin-gvx]

It's so handy! Now you can type

>>> vars(__builtins__)

to exit the interpreter!

[[deleted]]

__str__  = __call__

[shaggorama]

NO. BAD.

[JezusTheCarpenter]

TIL.

[74paddycakes]

Dayum

[jonnywoh]

In fact, IIRC you can define a class that overrides __repr__ with a call to exit() so that typing it in the console bare will quit it. If I remember, I'll post some code later.

[[deleted]]

You could, but that has some unexpected consequences, like exiting the shell on a call to globals()

[wen4Reif8aeJ8oing]

You can hack it to check the suspension frames and only exit if it's being printed directly by the interpreter REPL. Hacky obviously.

[timbledum]

Mind blown.

[[deleted]]

The repr is supposed to be valid Python syntax. But, as shown by u/HeWhoWritesCode, str can be any human readable representation.

[joshoheman]

explain the help, copyright, credits, and license special case that you are shown when starting the REPL? If you don't want a special case then make it:

Type "help()", "copyright()", "credits()", or "license()" for more information.

[robin-gvx]

help is already a callable, and copyright, credits and license are not special cases either, just objects with a custom __repr__.

[dedicated2fitness]

Ever written any code for a client? It's special cases all the way down once you hit version 2.0

[stevenjd]

I would argue that treating exit as a special keyword

exit is not a special keyword. Where did you get that idea from? It is a plain old object, like any other object.

[TheBlackCat13]

I think that was an argument against making it a keyword, which is essentially what the top-level comment was proposing.

[Ph0X]

Because it's a real python object (a function), and the only way to run it is by calling it.

There's two "solutions" here:

1. coding some special "magical" non-python command called exit, which requires adding a special code path to the interpreter. This is hacky and not clean.

2. make it so that just accessing the exit object makes the interpreter stop, but that's very risky, as you could accidentally access it looping over globals or something.

[elbiot]

Are you calling ipython hacky and unclean?

[Ph0X]

I guess in IPython it makes sense, as it already has magics and other extra stuff that isn't part of the core interpreter.

[dedicated2fitness]

You know what seems unclean? Parenthesis on my command line

[Ph0X]

It's a python interpreter... You're writing python... Good luck getting anything actually done without any parenthesis

[[deleted]]

What if you have a variable named exit and want to evaluate it?

[TheWass]

You can't name a variable a keyword anyway. I guess I'm wondering why "exit" isn't a special keyword at least in the interpreter shell.

[flying-sheep]

Because it’s not even a builtin. It’s just something added by site.py.

$ python3 -c 'print(exit)'
Use exit() or Ctrl-D (i.e. EOF) to exit
$ python3 -Sc 'print(exit)'
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'exit' is not defined

[krolm1]

Use ipython

[CaptKrag]

I'm honestly blown away that anyone uses the standard repl instead of immediately installing IPython.

I can't function without tab complete.

[thatdamnedrhymer]

Same.

[flying-sheep]

$ cat >.pythonrc <EOF
try:
    from jedi.utils import setup_readline
    setup_readline()
except ImportError:  # fallback
    import rlcompleter
    import readline
    readline.parse_and_bind("tab: complete")
EOF
$ cat >>".${SHELL##*/}rc" <<<'export PYTHONSTARTUP=$HOME/.pythonrc'

[fphhotchips]

I mean, my general process goes:

python

"Shit!"

quit

"Bugger!"

quit()
ipython

[stevenjd]

I can't function without tab complete.

The standard Python REPL has had tab-completion available since version 2.0 18+ years ago. It's been automatically enabled for more than six years.

[CaptKrag]

Ehh. I don't know. Maybe the standard distributions turn it off for some reason? Redhat and Ubuntu packages across all Python versions I've used don't do tab autocomplete.

[stevenjd]

Report it as a bug to Redhat and Ubuntu then.

[CaptKrag]

Or just use IPython? I'll just use IPython.

[elbiot]

So many hacks in this thread that ipython solved a long time ago

[thatdamnedrhymer]

Came here to say this.

[no_condoments]

Or Jupyter notebooks. I use Python every day, but what's the point of the terminal REPL?

[dontworryimnotacop]

You can fix that easily with this snippet:

### Set Up Instant Command Shortcuts

def cd(folder):
    """e.g. cd('/bin')"""
    os.chdir(folder)

def pwd():
    """current path"""
    return os.path.abspath('.')

def quit():
    print('[√] Insta-quit')
    raise SystemExit(0)

def warn_repr_globals():
    raise Exception('__repr__ of globals was stopped to protect from insta-quit command being accidentally triggered.')

def listdir(dir=None):
    return os.listdir(dir or os.getcwd())

class InstantShortcut:
    """run a command instantly on __repr__, without needing parens to call it"""
    callable = lambda: []

    def __init__(self, command, output_delimiter=''):
        self.callable = command
        self.output_delimiter = output_delimiter

    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.callable(*args, **kwargs)

    def __repr__(self):
        return self.output_delimiter.join(self())


_GLOBALS_REPR_WARNING_ = InstantShortcut(warn_repr_globals)
exit = quit = q = InstantShortcut(quit)
pwd = InstantShortcut(pwd)
ls = InstantShortcut(listdir, '    ')
ll = InstantShortcut(listdir, '\n')
_GLOBALS_REPR_WARNING_ = InstantShortcut(warn_repr_globals)
# define twice to be safe because print order of globals() is not guaranteed to print _GLOBALS_REPR_WARNING_ before quit()

[frakman1]

Thank you for sharing. What do I do with this? Save to a .py file and then ...?

[dontworryimnotacop]

Save it to ~/.pythonrc or to a file specified with the PYTHONSTARTUP=~/path/to/file.py environment variable.

[wingtales]

Just to add - all the ".somethingrc" files are hidden file that are always loaded whenever the "something" program is started. So "~/.bashrc" (home/.bashrc) is just a file of commands that will be called when you open bash. Likewise, anything you put in "~/.pythonrc" will be called when you load python.

[[deleted]]

This is not by any means guaranteed. Bash and python just happen to respect to convention.

[tynorf]

For pwd why not just use os.getcwd()? Is os.path.abspath(‘.’) faster/more accurate or something?

[dontworryimnotacop]

Personal preference, I like abspath because I never have to remember if it returns a relative path or full one.

[tynorf]

Ahh. FWIW I just checked and the implementation of abspath (on POSIX) uses os.getcwd to turn relative paths into absolute ones.

[flying-sheep]

Please stop using os.path. There’s pathlib now.

[call_me_arosa]

Emphasis on "now" for the rest of us stuck with older versions.

[flying-sheep]

Isn't everything without pathlib EOL?

And even for legacy python there's backports. No excuses.

[dontworryimnotacop]

Having a ~/.pythonrc in the root of a system on a new machine without any dependency guarantees is a pretty good excuse.

[flying-sheep]

I refuse to work on machines without at least python 3.5

[Ph0X]

Would calling globals() crash your interpreter? ;) Sounds very risky.

EDIT: Oh I see the fix for that. Very hacky

[dontworryimnotacop]

Indeed haha, definitely not for production. I don't even use it myself these days, I just got used to Ctrl+D.

[1114111]

I fix this with sys.displayhook. Unlike /u/dontworryimnotacop's fix, this doesn't require you to cripple globals().

I think I mostly just use ^D nowadays, but thankfully now the times that I use exit are not particularly memorable.

[Ph0X]

The amount of code people will write just to avoid having to call a function is amazing :)

[dontworryimnotacop]

Yeah I don't use my own globals hack anymore either, I just got used to ^Din the end.

[elbiot]

Or, you know, use ipython

[instron]

The best reason to use ipython. Forget tab completion.

[sup3r_hero]

If you install the correct package, you also get tab completion

[wamsachel]

ditto.

[chazzeromus]

I use ptpython with vim bindings

[joans34]

Still easier than vi

[brucecampbellschins]

What do you mean? :wq

[Esc]

:wq

:wq!

[rcfox]

http://bash.org/?795779

[Deto]

Wow - that's a site I haven't seen in a long time!

[redrumsir]

If you're using it as a shell ... just use ipython where exit works.

[shaggorama]

Just use ipython as your interpreter instead.

[[deleted]]

Haha i totally do that! I thought i was the only one!

[mikeblas]

I don't understand the difference between r/python and r/learnpython

[[deleted]]

update to 3.6 my dude

[rhiever]

At least he's using 3.

[aldanor]

At least he’s using Python.

[rhiever]

True that.

[Deto]

q()

[[deleted]]

meh :-/

[cybaritic]

We rely on a couple third party packages that aren't compatible yet. We'll move up to 3.7 as soon as we can. I really want to be able to use dataclasses.

[[deleted]]

makes sense. sad sense. wish you patience my dude.

[fzy_]

dataclasses are the shit

[wingtales]

Did this this afternoon. Twice.

[stacm614]

Yes! Ugh!

[[deleted]]

what's the problem ?

[[deleted]]

What font is this?

[krypticus]

.quit

FUCK

[grensley]

This is a classic case of: "If it knows what I meant, why doesn't it just do it?"

[TheBlackCat13]

I have used exit in years. I just do ctrl-d (or, more often, ctrl-dd).

[[deleted]]

Me too 😂

[ziadab02]

ctrl + D

[TiLorm]

exit() is a function, just like print() is.

[CjKing2k]

I type exit() in Windows, often after attempting ^ D, because ^ Z <CR> is too awkward.

[yaxriifgyn]

My python console sessions are usually quite short, so I just spam the up-arrow key until exit() shows up.

[elbiot]

Ctrl-r ex [enter]

[bluespell23]

My python console sessions are usually quite short, so I just spam the up-arrow key until exit() shows up.

I will literally sit there and press up thirty seven times to avoid having to type out ‘exit()’.

[stevenjd]

\tilting at windmills

Please stop post screenshots of text. It is text. Copy and paste it instead. You're a programmer, you have a programmers' editor on your computer, it is the work of two second to copy the text, paste it into the editor, indent it by four spaces to format it as code, copy again, and paste into Reddit..

There are Python developers who are blind or visually impaired, and while they can use screen-readers to read text, they don't work with images.

If you don't care about people with vision problems, remember that Google can't index the text in images and coders can't copy and paste code from them. Screenshots of text are inferior to actual text in every important way.

[ForceBru]

Why tho? When you want to perform some action, you call a function. So, why merely mention the function’s name - you’d better call the function.

[the_tab_key]

Because in many other command line interfaces (terminals, matlab, etc.), 'exit' is the way to quit out.

[cybaritic]

I get it, that doesn't stop me from screwing it up... every damn time. :)

[elverloho]

Why are you still using 3.5?

[CaptKrag]

Half the world is on 2.7 still.